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General Information on Turkey
Geography:
Turkey includes the large peninsula of Western Asia (known as both
Asia Minor and Anatolia) and the European section west of the
Bosphorous strait (called Thrace). It covers an area of 783,500
square kms (300,000 square miles) which is roughly equivalent to the
size of Texas or the countries of Spain and Italy together. To the
south and west are the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas respectively
and to the north is the Black Sea. In clockwise order, Turkey shares
borders with Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, and
Syria. Nineteen mountains are over 4,100 meters (13,800 feet) high;
of them Mt. Ararat (Agri Dag) is the highest at 5,073 meters (16,910
feet) Both the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers (Dicle and Firat)
have their source in Anatolia
Economy: The economy of the country is based on agriculture,
industry, tourism and natural resources.
Population: The current population of Turkey is over 65
million people, 65% of them live in cities. Over half the population
is under the age of 20.
Transportation: Inter-city transportation is by airlines,
trains and ferries but by far the most convenient and economical
transport is by taking one of the modern and comfortable buses that
travel almost everywhere in the country. Within towns and cities,
cost-shared taxis (dolmus) and normal taxis are easily available.
Climate: Turkey has a typically hot and sunny Mediterranean
Climate, but it can get cold at night.
Shopping: Turkey has many Bazaars and shops. The Turkish
Carpets are very beautiful and are quite valuable as they are
handwoven with unique designs and made with wool & silk, coloured
with natural dyes and pigments. Each region of Turkey has its own
design and the silk carpets (kilms) are of course the most valuable.
Some of them can take one weaver up to eighteen months to make.
Leather and jewelry (gold and silver) are also favourite purchases.
In Turkey you can haggle to get the prices down and you will find
that there is something to be found within anyone's budget.
Cuisine: Turkish Cuisine is one of the best in the world. It
has a wide variety of dishes and is very healthy as well as
delicious.
Tipping: Tipping is customary at hotels and restaurants and
for tour guides and drivers. Religion 99% of the Turkish Population
is Muslim although they are generally not as strict as most of their
Muslim neighbours. Turkey is a secular republic which grants freedom
of worship.
Visas & Passports: Visas are required from many countries to
visit Turkey. Prior to departure you must check with the appropriate
Embassy or Consulate in your country of residence. For US citizens,
no prior request is necessary, but a visa must be purchased upon
arrival in Turkey. This is normally issued before going through
passport control and is valid for 90 days. Please ensure your
passport has at least 3 months validity before you enter the country
Health & Vaccinations: In general Turkey is a pretty healthy
country to travel in although many people experience stomach upsets.
It is best to drink bottled water and take the usual precautions
over food hygiene. We recommend that you have the following
vaccinations: Diptheria & Tetanus, Polio, Hepatitis A, Typhoid,
Hepatitis B, Rabies and you may want to take Malaria Tablets if you
are travelling to Eastern Turkey. You should take out travel/health
insurance before you leave home.
Time Difference: Turkey is seven hours ahead of Eastern
Standard Time and two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.
Money/Bank: The currency used in Turkey is the Turkish Lira.
Although all credit cards are accepted throughout Turkey, Visa and
Master Card are most commonly used. Automated teller machines are
normally available in larger cities. It is important to know that
your PIN number must be all numerals, (no letters), and that the
money dispensed will be in Turkish Lira. Throughout Turkey, banking
hours are 8.30am - 12.00pm and 1.00pm - 5.00pm Monday to Friday.
Commission and exchange rates vary from bank to bank. Commission
rates typically remain within 1% to 3%. Money exchange bureaus
usually offer a good rate for cash, while hotels are as good a place
as any to cash travellers checks. Please note that a passport is
required when exchanging travellers checks for large amounts of cash.
Post Offices: Post Offices are easily identified by their
bright yellow facades and PTT (Postal, Telegraph, and Telephone)
signs. The main post offices in the large cities are open Monday to
Saturday 8.00am - 9.00pm and 9.00am - 7.00pm on Sunday. Smaller post
offices are open Monday to Saturday from 8.30am to 5.00pm. Postal
fees fluctuate according to inflation rates. The cost of mailing
postcards and letters is minimal.
Calling the US from Turkey: As throughout the world, hotels
in Turkey apply heavy service fees to international phone calls.
Therefore, we recommend using a long distance calling card. Although
your calling card will be billed for the call, the hotel will assess
a nominal fee for connecting you with the international operator.
Clothing: Turkey is an informal country. Comfortable, casual
clothing is appropriate to wear throughout. Comfortable clothes and
sensible walking shoes are advisable to wear during sightseeing. You
will be required to remove your shoes upon entering a mosque. Keep
in mind that shorts, short skirts or bare shoulders are not allowed
in the mosques, and that a head covering for women, although not
required, is greatly appreciated.
Electricity: 220 Volts. In Turkey, electrical appliances
manufactured in the U.S. require the use of a standard two-prong
adaptor. A converter is also needed if the appliance does not have
dual voltage as the voltage varies between 110V and 220V at 50Hz.
However, many hotels are equipped with 110V outlets for such items
as shavers, and are clearly marked "For Shavers Only." As the
voltage in the U.S. is considerably lower (110V), the use of high
wattage appliances such as blow dryers should not be attempted. What
is expensive and what is cheap in Turkey As a general rule, anything
sold in Turkey that is imported is quite expensive.
Camera film, toiletries and anything electrical are expensive.
Whereas cigarettes, local alcohol (vodka, gin and raki), leather,
carpets, clothes, sunglasses, silver and gold jewellery are cheap.
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